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Title of Thesis
A Comparative Study of Disparity in Urban Rural Education at
Elementary level in NWFP and Development of an Action Plan
(2010-2015) |
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Author(s)
Arbab Khan
Afridi |
Institute/University/Department
Details
Secondary Teacher Education Department, Faculty
Of Education / Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad |
Session
2007 |
Subject
Education |
Number of Pages
309 |
Keywords (Extracted from title, table of contents and
abstract of thesis)
Disparity, Urban, Rural, Male,
Female, Education, Elementary, level, NWFP, Development, universalization |
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Abstract
Elementary education
is a fundamental right of every child and has been duly enshrined in
our constitution. It is a bed-rock of the educational pyramid
contributing much towards socio-economic development of a country.
The government at national and regional level is trying to
universalize it, but these efforts are thwarted because the system
is besetting with grave disparities in the provision of physical and
material facilities, male and female education, urban and rural
areas and other qualitative and quantitative aspects of elementary
education particularly in the region of NWFP. Such problems and
issues have been identified in various policies and plans by the
government but the situation has not sufficiently improved. If
elementary education has been expanded, its quality still suffers
for various reasons. The phenomena of wastage in terms of dropouts,
repetitions and failures still prevail which obstruct the goal of
universal elementary education.
Now the question arises as to what changes and improvements have
been made so far? What disparity still exists between the urban and
rural schools, and what priority was given by the government to the
development of urban and rural schools? These are some of the
questions that have necessitated a thorough investigation into the
problem. The study is guided by the objectives of analyzing in depth
the policy initiatives, specific situation leading to disparity
between male and female education and between urban and rural
elementary schools. The study also propose a long range action plan
(2001-2015) for universalization of elementary education, provision
of teachers, development of infrastructure and availability of
financial resources.
The study conducted is expected to contribute with respect to
influencing the policy of the government by providing guide-lines to
all concerned regarding development of elementary education in the
region. It is also expected to provide a rationale for equitable
distribution of physical and financial resources for the development
of elementary education. The study will hopefully facilitate the
implementation of a long range perspective plan (1998-2015) in the
region and will prove a useful document for researchers and other
training institutions.
The study is descriptive in nature. Related to quantitative aspect
of the problem, which requires, statistical method. For this
purpose, authentic statistical reports issued by the government both
at national and regional levels have been analyzed. Two periods i.e
1995-96 and 2000-01 have been compared to ascertain the progress or
deficiency of these periods. Every item collected for analysis has
been worked out in percentage and interpreted accordingly. The study
has also been supported by a case study in the District Nowshera
NWFP.
The researcher has advanced certain recommendations for bringing
about reforms and improvements in the system of elementary education
in the region. The areas of reforms are focused on bringing about
qualitative and quantitative improvement to minimize wastage and to
increase enrolment. Besides, improvement of physical facilities of
elementary education, as a crucial problem has also highlighted. In
short, the determination of government, through political commitment
and liberal financial resources is a pre-requisite for achieving the
goals. The same issues have also been addressed in the case study in
District Nowshera, NWFP.
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