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| Pakistan Research Repository | Home |
Title of Thesis |
| Author(s) Muhammad Azhar Iqbal |
| Institute/University/Department Details Department of Plant Pathology faculty of Agriculture University of Agriculture Faisalabad |
| Session 2003 |
| Subject Plant Pathology |
| Number of Pages 201 |
| Keywords (Extracted from title, table of contents and abstract of thesis) citrus nematode (tylenchulus semipenetrans cobb.), plant extracts, soil amendments, integrated control, t. semipenetrans, fungus paecilomyces lilacinus, citrus orchards, larval mortality |
Abstract |
| Download Full Thesis |  1679.02 KB |
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| S. No. | Chapter | Title of the Chapters | Page | Size (KB) |
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| 1 | 0 | Contents/ Abstract | 66.93 KB |
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| 2 | 1 | Introduction | 1 | 78.53 KB |
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| 3 | 2 | Review of literature | 9 | 382.32 KB |
| 2.1 | Citrus nematode | 9 | ||
| 2.2 | Symptoms | 14 | ||
| 2.3 | Losses | 16 | ||
| 2.4 | Life cycle of citrus nematode | 17 | ||
| 2.5 | Seasonal fluctuation | 19 | ||
| 2.6 | Effect of Soil type | 22 | ||
| 2.7 | Screening of resistant rootstocks | 24 | ||
| 2.8 | Effect of plant extracts | 28 | ||
| 2.9 | Effect of soil amendments | 30 | ||
| 2.10 | Biological control | 31 | ||
| 2.11 | Chemical control | 34 | ||
| 2.12 | Integrated control | 42 | ||
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| 4 | 3 | Materials and Methods | 48 | 209.61 KB |
| 3.1 | Ecological distribution of T. semipenetrans | 50 | ||
| 3.2 | Pathogenicity test | 54 | ||
| 3.3 | Effect of antagonistic fungus paecilomyces lilacinus | 57 | ||
| 3.4 | In vitro effect of plant extracts against T. Semipenetrans | 61 | ||
| 3.5 | Evaluation of nematicides against T. Semipenetrans | 64 | ||
| 3.6 | Integrated control of T. Semipenetrans | 66 | ||
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| 5 | 4 | Results | 69 | 640.76 KB |
| 4.1 | Survey of citrus orchards | 70 | ||
| 4.2 | Pathogenicity test of T. Semipenetrans against a susceptible variety rough lemon | 78 | ||
| 4.3 | Effect of soil type on movement and infection rate of T. Semipenetrans | 79 | ||
| 4.4 | Effect of seasonal fluctuation on the population dynamics of T. semipenetrans | 81 | ||
| 4.5 | Screening of citrus cultivars against the citrus nematode, T. Semipenetrans | 85 | ||
| 4.6 | Effect of P. lilacinus on the T. Semipenetrans with regard to antagonistic level and exposure time | 88 | ||
| 4.7 | Effect of different plant extracts( in vitro) on the larval mortality of T. Semipenetrans | 91 | ||
| 4.8 | Effect of different plant extract on the larval mortality of T. Semipenetrans | 98 | ||
| 4.9 | Evaluation of combined effect of P. lilacinus and different plant extracts on the larval mortality of T. Semipenetrans | 104 | ||
| 4.10 | Effect of bare-root dip treatment against citrus nematode | 110 | ||
| 4.11 | Evaluation of various nematicides against citrus nematode, T. Semipenetrans | 114 | ||
| 4.12 | Evaluation of different nematicides against citrus nematode, T. Semipenetrans on highly diseased trees | 118 | ||
| 4.13 | Effect of various nematicides against citrus nematode, T. Semipenetrans on slightly diseased trees | 123 | ||
| 4.14 | Integrated control of citrus slow decline (moderately diseased trees) with P. lilacinus , fertilizers and nematicides in the naturally infested orchard | 128 | ||
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| 6 | 5 | Discussion | 142 | 178.11 KB |
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| 7 | 6 | Summary | 162 | 50.66 KB |
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| 8 | 7 | Literature cited | 168 | 310.72 KB |
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