 |
| Pakistan Research Repository | Home |
Title of Thesis |
| Author(s) Rafi Ahmad |
| Institute/University/Department Details University of the Punjab, Lahore |
| Session 1993 |
| Subject Chemistry |
| Number of Pages 226 |
| Keywords (Extracted from title, table of contents and abstract of thesis) UMBELLIGFERAE, ESSENTIAL OILS, Scaligeria aitchisonii, Foeniculum vulgare, Pleurospermum, Psammogeton stocksii |
Abstract Scaligeria aitchisonii was studied for the first time and found to contain essential oil (0.12%) having specific gravity 0.86, refractive index 474, acid number 0.56.. ester number 20.15 and ester number after acetylation 57.5. The chemical composition of the essential oil revealed the presence of α-thujene (0.30), α - pinene (0.14), sabinene- (0.10), α -phellandrene(2.39), β-pinene (0.66), Δ3 carene (0.07), ex-terpinene (0.26), p-cymene (29.56), γ-terpinene (35.72), terpinolene (0.06), linalyl acetate (4.84), ethyl cinnamate (1.23), cinnamaldehyde (2.37), linalool (12.73), and eugenol 0.74%).. Foeniculum vulgare. wild variety, was studied to yield essential oil (1.35%) with specific gravity 0.95. refractive index 1.5239, acid number 1.25. ester number 3.25 and ester number after acetylation 12.27. The chemical composition of the essential oil revealed, α -pinene (2.96), camphene (0.54), sabinene (0.21), α phel1andrene (0.51). β-pinene (0.24), phel1andrene (0.31), d-limonene (10.45), γ-terpinene (0.26), trans-anethole (67.28), fenchone (8.29), fenchyl alcohol (0.84) . p-anisaldehyde (2.23) and α- terpineol ( 1.24%). Pleurospermum stylosum was studied for the first time and recorded to contain essential oil (0.08%) having specific gravity 0.86, refractive index 1.4614, acid number 0.46, ester number 0.75 and ester number after acetylation 55.07. The essential oil was found to contain α - thujene (0.25), α- pinene (0.78) sabinene (0.87), α-phellandrene (20.10), β-pinene (1.23), β-phellandrene (0.56), a. terpinene (0.18), p-cymene (2.63), d-limonene (0.74), γ- terpinene (34.93), methyl namyl. ketone (10.34), geranial (6.34), neral (3.41), borneol (2.85), nerol (7.73), linalool (1.67) and ange1icin (0.16%). Psammogeton stocksii was studied for the first time and found to yield essential oil (0.069%), with specific gravity 0.87, refractive index 1.4639, acid number 0.72, ester number 31.25, and ester number after acetylation 60.59. The chemical composition indicated α- pinene (14.50), camphene (0.86), sabinene (0.74), α- phellandrene (2.13), β- pinene (2.20), p-cymene (5,93), d-limonene (5.14), γ-terpinene (31.68), terpinolene (1.41), geranyl acetate (7.50), camphor (4.04), α-terpineol (15.00), geraniol (2.09), and bergaptene (1.0 1). |
| Download Full Thesis |  1688.75 KB |
 |
|
|
|
|
| S. No. | Chapter | Title of the Chapters | Page | Size (KB) |
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 | 0 | Contents | 68.94 KB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 | 1 | Introduction | 2-8 | 484.05 KB |
| 1.1 | History | 2-8 | ||
| 1.2 | State of Essential oil industry in Pakistan | 8-16 | ||
| 1.3 | Chemistry of essential oils | 16-21 | ||
| 1.4 | Location in Plants | 25-27 | ||
| 1.5 | Different Methods for the extraction of essential oils | 30-35 | ||
| 1.6 | Uses | 35-41 | ||
| 1.7 | Plant family unmbellifierae | 41-44 | ||
| 1.8 | The Aims and objective | 45 | ||
|
|
|
|
|
| 3 | 2 | General Methodology | 46-59 | 147.9 KB |
|
|
|
|
|
| 4 | 3 | Literature survey | 60-76 | 185.78 KB |
|
|
|
|
|
| 5 | 4 | Experimental work | 77-82 | 214.16 KB |
| 4.1 | Materials, Instruments & Reagents | 77-82 | ||
| 4.2 | Extraction of the Essential oils | 82-83 | ||
| 4.3 | Determination of physico -Chemical constants | 83-88 | ||
| 4.4 | Resolution of essential oil by column and thin layer Chromatography | 89-99 | ||
|
|
|
|
|
| 6 | 5 | Results and discussion | 115-124 | 557.87 KB |
| 5.1 | Identification of compounds of the 1ts fractions of essential oils | 115-124 | ||
| 5.2 | Identification of oxygenated fraction of the essential oils | 125-181 | ||
| 5.3 | References | |||
|
|
|
|
|